Scholarly Output
Research & Publications
A scholarly repository of peer-reviewed research, immersive learning studies, and government policy work — building possibility through education across six decades.
All research metrics — publications, h-index, and citations — are sourced from Google Scholar and can be verified on the public profile.
27+
Publications
8
h-index
295+
Citations
Publications
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- 01
2026 The black box in the research room
2026· Journal for AI Generated Papers - 02
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2026 Virtual learning: Second Life to Metaverse
2026· With L. Al Hadhrami· Final manuscript - 05
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2025 VR and the Metaverse in education
2025· With L. Al Hadhrami· Applied and Computational Engineering - 08
2014 Confucian heritage culture learning approaches
2014· With R. van der Veen· Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism, 14(1), 69–8634 citations - 09
2013 Hotel co-branding research in Second Life
2013· With B.D. Guillet· International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 14(1), 23–4915 citations - 10
2012 Hospitality education in China
2012· With L. Wei and A. Ladkin· Journal of China Tourism Research, 8(1), 61–7727 citations - 11
2011 Multi-user virtual environments in HE
2011· Journal of Technical Education Science, 6(2), 42–53 - 12
2010 Blended learning in hospitality and tourism
2010· With L. Pang and S. Wong· Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education, 22(1), 15–2217 citations - 13
2009 Learning through Second Life
2009· Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism, 8(2–3), 139–16014 citations - 14
2009 Second Life first year experience
2009· With P. Duffy· Journal for Virtual Worlds Research, 2(5)12 citations - 15
2010 Virtual communities of practice
2010· Third International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining27 citations - 16
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2008 Blended learning perceptions
2008· With L. Pang· Best Refereed Paper Award6 citations - 18
2007 Virtual hotel teaching environment
2007· With H. Ma and W.F. Kong· IADIS International Conference Proceedings, 194–19911 citations - 19
2006 VIRTEL virtual hotel simulation
2006· With W.F. Kong and W.K.A. Lee· Asia-Pacific Educational Research Association7 citations - 20
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2011 Interviews with my Avatar
2011· With B. Denizci and Z. Liu· AAOU Conference 2011, Penang, MalaysiaLink coming soon - 23
2011 Multi-user virtual environments in HE
2011· ELATE 2011Link coming soon - 24
2010 Hotel co-branding research in Second Life
2010· With B. Denizci and Z. Liu· APacCHRIE 2010, Phuket, ThailandLink coming soon - 25
2009 Tourism education in virtual worlds
2009· UNWTO Ulysses Education and Science Council Conference, MadridLink coming soon - 26
2008 Educating my Avatar
2008· The Role of New Technologies in Global Societies, Hong KongLink coming soon
Government & Policy Reports
National tourism HR strategies, occupational standards, and curriculum reform commissioned by governments and development agencies across Asia and the Caribbean.
2020 Myanmar tourism recovery roadmap
Role: Team Leader
Luxembourg Development Cooperation Agency / Myanmar Government
2020 Myanmar recovery executive report
Role: Team Leader
Luxembourg Development Cooperation Agency
2020 Myanmar tourism marketing strategy
Role: Team Leader
Luxembourg Development Cooperation Agency
2017 Myanmar tourism HR strategy
Role: Team Leader
Luxembourg Development Cooperation Agency / Myanmar Government
2015 Eastern Caribbean tourism plan
Role: Consultant
Organisation of East Caribbean States / EU
2016 Myanmar public sector governance
Role: Compiled & edited; reviewed and edited by Paul Penfold
LuxDev Project MYA-001
2022 Vietnam private sector HE investment
Role: Paul Penfold & Phạm Hiệp
GOPA International Consultants — For: GIZ / Ministry of Planning & Investment, Vietnam
2013 Nepal tourism quality management
Role: UNWTO HRD & Quality Specialist
Ministry of Culture, Tourism & Civil Aviation, Nepal / UNWTO
2017 Myanmar tourism management standards
Role: Paul Penfold
Project MYA/001, LuxDev / Ministry of Hotels and Tourism, Myanmar
2021 Myanmar tourism occupational standards
Role: Coordinator
Myanmar Government
2020 Myanmar tourism national curriculum
Role: Coordinator
Myanmar Government
Philippines tourism HR strategy
Role: Consultant
Asian Development Bank